Bandaging Techniques Used in Physical Therapy
Bandaging is an essential skill in physical therapy, used to support healing, manage swelling, stabilize joints, and protect wounds. Physical therapists employ various bandaging techniques depending on the patient’s condition, injury location, and therapeutic goals. Below are some of the most commonly used bandaging methods in clinical practice:
1. Compression Bandaging
Purpose: To reduce swelling, improve circulation, and support injured tissues.
Commonly Used For: Lymphedema, venous insufficiency, acute injuries.
Techniques Include:
- Short-stretch bandages: Provide low resting pressure and high working pressure, ideal for active patients.
- Long-stretch bandages: Offer constant compression and are more suitable for immobile patients.
- Multi-layer compression systems: Combine layers for optimal pressure distribution and sustained compression over time.
2. Figure-of-Eight Bandage
Purpose: To stabilize joints and limit excessive movement while allowing some flexibility.
Commonly Used For: Ankles, wrists, elbows, and shoulders.
This technique wraps in a criss-cross or “8” pattern, providing support without cutting off circulation.
3. Spiral Bandage
Purpose: To cover cylindrical body parts uniformly.
Commonly Used For: Forearms, lower legs, and thighs.
The bandage is wrapped in a spiral motion with each turn overlapping the previous by half or two-thirds. It offers even pressure and is simple to apply.
4. Reverse Spiral Bandage
Purpose: To better conform to conical-shaped limbs.
Commonly Used For: Upper arms, calves, or thighs where the diameter changes significantly.
By incorporating a “reverse turn” in each wrap, the bandage lies flatter and applies more consistent pressure.
5. Recurrent Bandage
Purpose: To cover round or irregular surfaces.
Commonly Used For: The head, stumps, or amputated limbs.
It involves folding the bandage back and forth over the area and securing it with a circular wrap.
6. Daisy Chain or Fan Taping
Purpose: To support ligaments and manage joint swelling while allowing controlled movement.
Commonly Used For: Knees, shoulders, or post-surgical support.
Often combined with kinesiology or athletic taping techniques for enhanced function.
7. Kinesiology Taping
Purpose: To facilitate muscle function, reduce pain, and support lymphatic drainage.
Commonly Used For: Sports injuries, postural correction, and chronic pain management.
This elastic tape mimics the skin’s elasticity and can be applied in various patterns to target specific muscles and functions.
When Are These Techniques Used?
A PT selects a bandaging method based on:
- The type and severity of injury
- Swelling or edema control needs
- Post-operative care requirements
- Athletic or functional performance goals
- Patient mobility and comfort
Correct application is crucial, and improper bandaging can cause further harm. That’s why all techniques are applied with care and tailored to each patient’s individual anatomy and condition.
To learn more about our Bandaging Techniques program, please give us a call at (727) 754-3477.
